EVOS M5000 in Infectious Disease & Immunology: Independent Studies — Wave 3 Part 4

Peer-reviewed studies discovered independently of Thermo Fisher's curated EVOS M5000 citations. Each paper was full-text verified to mention the EVOS M5000 Imaging System as a microscope. Cards link to Google Scholar, PubMed, PMC and DOI.

EVOS M5000IndependentWave 3

Parts: Part 1 | Part 2 | Part 3 | Part 4 | Part 5 | Part 6

← Back to EVOS M5000 Research Index

Increased levels of extracellular matrix proteins associated with extracellular vesicles from brains of aged mice.

Cell type: Cell culture models | Technique: Fluorescence imaging | Disease/area: Infectious Disease & Immunology

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are secreted by all major cell types of the brain, providing a mode of intercellular communication and a pathway for disposal of cellular debris. EVs help maintain healthy brain function, but may also contribute to diseases affecting the brain. EVs might contribute to aging of the brain, as aging-related processes such as inflammation and cellular s

Google Scholar | PubMed | PMC | DOI

A potent pan-sarbecovirus neutralizing antibody resilient to epitope diversification.

Cell type: Biological samples | Technique: Fluorescence imaging | Disease/area: Infectious Disease & Immunology

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) evolution has resulted in viral escape from clinically authorized monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), creating a need for mAbs that are resilient to epitope diversification. Broadly neutralizing coronavirus mAbs that are sufficiently potent for clinical development and retain activity despite viral evolution remain elusive.

Google Scholar | PubMed | PMC | DOI

Development and characterization of a recombinant Senecavirus A expressing enhanced green fluorescent protein.

Cell type: Cell culture models | Technique: Fluorescence imaging | Disease/area: Infectious Disease & Immunology

Senecavirus A (SVA), belonging to the genus In this study, we established a reverse genetics system for a local SVA isolate and used it to rescue a recombinant SVA, rSVA-eGFP, expressing the enhanced green fluorescent protein (eGFP) by inserting eGFP, GSG linker and the P2A sequence between 2A and 2B genes. We found that rSVA-eGFP exhibited a high replication efficiency compara

Google Scholar | PubMed | PMC | DOI

Recruiting the Immune System against Pathogenic Bacteria Using High-Affinity Chimeric Tags.

Cell type: Bacteria | Technique: Fluorescence imaging | Disease/area: Infectious Disease & Immunology

The immune system plays a critical role in protecting the host against pathogens. However, mechanisms for evading the immune system have evolved in pathogens, altering their surface proteins or causing the expression of enzymes that interfere with the immune response. These strategies cause pathogens to escape detection and destruction by the immune system, thereby inducing sev

Google Scholar | PubMed | PMC | DOI

Role of cuproptosis in mediating the severity of experimental malaria-associated acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome.

Cell type: Macrophage | Technique: Fluorescence imaging | Disease/area: Infectious Disease & Immunology

Malaria-associated acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome (MA-ALI/ARDS) is a fatal complication of Plasmodium falciparum infection that is partially triggered by macrophage recruitment and polarization. As reported, copper exposure increases the risk of malaria infection, and copper accumulation-induced cuproptosis triggers M1 macrophage polarization. It is thus

Google Scholar | PubMed | PMC | DOI

A TLR7 Agonist Conjugated to a Nanofibrous Peptide Hydrogel as a Potent Vaccine Adjuvant.

Cell type: Biological samples | Technique: Fluorescence imaging | Disease/area: Infectious Disease & Immunology

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) recognize pathogen- and damage-associated molecular patterns and, in turn, trigger the release of cytokines and other immunostimulatory molecules. As a result, TLR agonists are increasingly being investigated as vaccine adjuvants. Many of these agonists are small molecules that quickly diffuse away from the vaccination site, limiting their co-localiza

Google Scholar | PubMed | PMC | DOI

Identification of a divalent metal transporter required for cellular iron metabolism in malaria parasites.

Cell type: Parasite | Technique: Fluorescence imaging | Disease/area: Infectious Disease & Immunology

<i>Plasmodium falciparum</i> malaria parasites invade and multiply inside red blood cells (RBCs), the most iron-rich compartment in humans. Like all cells, <i>P. falciparum</i> requires nutritional iron to support essential metabolic pathways, but the critical mechanisms of iron acquisition and trafficking during RBC infection have remained obscure. Parasites internalize and li

Google Scholar | PubMed | PMC | DOI

<i>Kjellmaniella crassifolia</i> Reduces Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammation in Caco-2 Cells and Ameliorates Loperamide-Induced Constipation in Mice.

Cell type: Cell culture models | Technique: Fluorescence imaging | Disease/area: Infectious Disease & Immunology

Gastrointestinal disorders are widespread globally, with inflammatory diseases being particularly prominent. This study aimed to investigate the effect of

Google Scholar | PubMed | PMC | DOI

Ethanol-activated microglial exosomes induce MCP1 signaling mediated death of stress-regulatory proopiomelanocortin neurons in the developing hypothalamus.

Cell type: Neuron | Technique: Fluorescence imaging | Disease/area: Infectious Disease & Immunology

Microglia, a type of resident immune cells within the central nervous system, have been implicated in ethanol-activated neuronal death of the stress regulatory proopiomelanocortin (POMC) neuron-producing β-endorphin peptides in the hypothalamus in a postnatal rat model of fetal alcohol spectrum disorders. We determined if microglial extracellular vesicles (exosomes) are involve

Google Scholar | PubMed | PMC | DOI

Biogenesis of Cytochromes

Cell type: Yeast | Technique: Fluorescence imaging | Disease/area: Infectious Disease & Immunology

<i>Plasmodium</i> malaria parasites retain an essential mitochondrional electron transport chain (ETC) that is critical for growth within humans and mosquitoes and is a key antimalarial drug target. ETC function requires cytochromes <i>c</i> and <i>c</i>₁, which are unusual among heme proteins due to their covalent binding to heme via conserved CXXCH sequence motifs.

Google Scholar | PubMed | PMC | DOI

A novel small molecule screening assay using normal human chondrocytes toward osteoarthritis drug discovery.

Cell type: Fibroblast | Technique: Fluorescence imaging | Disease/area: Infectious Disease & Immunology

Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common form of arthritis and a leading cause of pain and disability in adults. A central feature is progressive cartilage degradation and matrix fragment formation driven by the excessive production of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), such as MMP-13, by articular chondrocytes. Inflammatory factors, including interleukin 6 (IL-6), are secreted in

Google Scholar | PubMed | PMC | DOI

Colistin-niclosamide effervescent dry suspension combats colistin-resistant Salmonella in vitro and in vivo.

Cell type: Bacteria | Technique: Fluorescence imaging | Disease/area: Infectious Disease & Immunology

The increasing incidence of bacterial infections caused by multidrug-resistant (MDR) Gram-negative bacteria has deepened the need for new effective treatments. It has been reported that niclosamide (NIC) can restore the sensitivity of Gram-negative bacteria to colistin (COL). However, NIC is practically insoluble in water and sparingly soluble in organic solvents, leading to li

Google Scholar | PubMed | PMC | DOI

Extracellular Vesicles Derived From

Cell type: Macrophage | Technique: Fluorescence imaging | Disease/area: Infectious Disease & Immunology

Recent studies have shown that extracellular vesicles (EVs) secreted by various parasites are capable of modulating the host's innate immune responses, such as by altering macrophage (M

Google Scholar | PubMed | PMC | DOI

Antiviral activity of cathelicidins against porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV): Mechanisms, and efficacy.

Cell type: Cell culture models | Technique: Fluorescence imaging | Disease/area: Infectious Disease & Immunology

Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) is a harmful coronavirus infecting pigs, which is resulting in substantial financial losses in the global pig industry. The lack of effective vaccines or treatments underscores the pressing need for new antiviral strategies. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), specifically cathelicidins such as LL-37, have demonstrated promising activity agains

Google Scholar | PubMed | PMC | DOI

Correlative light and soft X-ray tomography of in situ mesoscale heterochromatin structure in intact cells.

Cell type: Fibroblast | Technique: Fluorescence imaging | Disease/area: Infectious Disease & Immunology

Heterochromatin organization is critical to many genome-related programs including transcriptional silencing and DNA repair. While super-resolution imaging, electron microscopy, and multiomics methods have provided indirect insights into the heterochromatin organization, a direct measurement of mesoscale heterochromatin ultrastructure is still missing. We use a combination of c

Google Scholar | PubMed | PMC | DOI

Investigation of GPM6B as a novel therapeutic target in Osteoarthritis.

Cell type: Macrophage | Technique: Fluorescence imaging | Disease/area: Infectious Disease & Immunology

Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common motor system disease in older people, characterized by a high incidence and significant social and economic burden. Women have a higher risk of OA, more severe clinical symptoms, and a higher rate of disabilities than men. However, the pathogenesis of OA remains unclear. Therefore, we screened for differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in O

Google Scholar | PubMed | PMC | DOI

Intra-lymph node crosslinking of antigen-bearing polymers enhances humoral immunity and dendritic cell activation.

Cell type: Cell culture models | Technique: Fluorescence imaging | Disease/area: Infectious Disease & Immunology

Lymph node (LN)-resident dendritic cells (DCs) are a promising target for vaccination given their professional antigen-presenting capabilities and proximity to a high concentration of immune cells. Direct intra-LN injection has been shown to greatly enhance the immune response to vaccine antigens compared to traditional intramuscular injection, but it is infeasible to implement

Google Scholar | PubMed | PMC | DOI

Lipid nanoparticle delivery of TALEN mRNA targeting LPA causes gene disruption and plasma lipoprotein(a) reduction in transgenic mice.

Cell type: Biological samples | Technique: Fluorescence imaging | Disease/area: Infectious Disease & Immunology

Lipoprotein(a), or Lp(a), is encoded by the LPA gene and is a causal genetic risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Individuals with high Lp(a) are at risk for cardiovascular morbidity and are refractory to standard lipid-lowering agents. Lp(a)-lowering therapies currently in clinical development require repetitive dosing, while a gene editing approach presents an opportunity

Google Scholar | PubMed | PMC | DOI

Identification of NECTIN1 as a novel restriction factor for flavivirus infection.

Cell type: Cell culture models | Technique: Fluorescence imaging | Disease/area: Infectious Disease & Immunology

Nectin cell adhesion molecule 1 (NECTIN1) is a cell adhesion molecule that belongs to the immunoglobulin superfamily. It has been considered the most ubiquitous receptor for herpesviruses. However, in the context of flavivirus infection, its role was previously unknown. In this study, we described an arrayed siRNA screen mainly targeting Ig-like proteins that showed NECTIN1-res

Google Scholar | PubMed | PMC | DOI

Anti-aging effect of extracellular vesicles from mesenchymal stromal cells on senescence-induced chondrocytes in osteoarthritis.

Cell type: T cell | Technique: Fluorescence imaging | Disease/area: Infectious Disease & Immunology

Age is the most important risk factor for degenerative diseases such as osteoarthritis (OA). It is associated with the accumulation of senescent cells in joint tissues that contribute to the pathogenesis of OA, in particular through the release of senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) factors. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) and their derived extracellular vesicles

Google Scholar | PubMed | PMC | DOI

Insights into the Identification of iPSC- and Monocyte-Derived Macrophage-Polarizing Compounds by AI-Fueled Cell Painting Analysis Tools.

Cell type: Macrophage | Technique: Fluorescence imaging | Disease/area: Infectious Disease & Immunology

Macrophage polarization critically contributes to a multitude of human pathologies. Hence, modulating macrophage polarization is a promising approach with enormous therapeutic potential. Macrophages are characterized by a remarkable functional and phenotypic plasticity, with pro-inflammatory (M1) and anti-inflammatory (M2) states at the extremes of a multidimensional polarizati

Google Scholar | PubMed | PMC | DOI

Identification and Characterization of Linear Epitopes of Monoclonal Antibodies Against African Horse Sickness Virus Serotype 1 VP2 Protein.

Cell type: Biological samples | Technique: Fluorescence imaging | Disease/area: Infectious Disease & Immunology

African horse sickness (AHS) is an acute, fatal, contagious disease of animals of the family Equidae and is caused by infection with the African horse sickness virus (AHSV). Based on the outer capsid protein VP2, AHSV is classified into nine serotypes (AHSV-1 to -9) with little or no serological cross-reactivity between them. In 2020, AHS outbreaks caused by AHSV-1 were reporte

Google Scholar | PubMed | PMC | DOI

Combined transcriptome and metabolome analysis revealed the antimicrobial mechanism of Griseorhodin C against Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.

Cell type: Bacteria | Technique: Fluorescence imaging | Disease/area: Infectious Disease & Immunology

The global rise of multidrug-resistant pathogens, particularly Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), has become a critical public health concern, necessitating the urgent discovery of new antimicrobial agents. Griseorhodin C, a hydroxyquinone compound isolated from Streptomyces, has demonstrated significant inhibitory effects against MRSA. In this study, we employ

Google Scholar | PubMed | PMC | DOI

Mitochondrial targeting of

Cell type: Yeast | Technique: Fluorescence imaging | Disease/area: Infectious Disease & Immunology

The SPFH (stomatin, prohibitin, flotillin, and HflK/HflC) protein superfamily is conserved across all domains of life. Fungal SPFH proteins are required for respiration, stress adaptation, and membrane scaffolding. In the yeast Stomatins and prohibitins coordinate respiration and stress adaptation in fungi. Invasive mycoses caused by

Google Scholar | PubMed | PMC | DOI

Structural basis of different neutralization capabilities of monoclonal antibodies against H7N9 virus.

Cell type: Biological samples | Technique: Fluorescence imaging | Disease/area: Infectious Disease & Immunology

Neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) are important for the treatment of emerging viral diseases and for effective vaccine development. In this study, we generated and evaluated three nAbs (1H9, 2D7, and C4H4) against H7N9 influenza viruses and found that they differ in their ability to inhibit viral attachment, membrane fusion, and egress. We resolved the cryo-electron microscopy (cr

Google Scholar | PubMed | PMC | DOI

Structural insights into Semiliki forest virus receptor binding modes indicate novel mechanism of virus endocytosis.

Cell type: Cell culture models | Technique: Fluorescence imaging | Disease/area: Infectious Disease & Immunology

The Very Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor (VLDLR) is an entry receptor for the prototypic alphavirus Semliki Forest Virus (SFV). However, the precise mechanisms underlying the entry of SFV into cells mediated by VLDLR remain unclear. In this study, we found that of the eight class A (LA) repeats of the VLDLR, only LA2, LA3, and LA5 specifically bind to the native SFV virion whi

Google Scholar | PubMed | PMC | DOI

Essential role of

Cell type: Biological samples | Technique: Fluorescence imaging | Disease/area: Infectious Disease & Immunology

Classical swine fever virus (CSFV) is a member of the genus Pestiviruses are economically significant pathogens in livestock. Although genome organization and non-structural protein functions resemble those of other

Google Scholar | PubMed | PMC | DOI

Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Aptamin C in Pulmonary Fibrosis Induced by Bleomycin.

Cell type: T cell | Technique: Fluorescence imaging | Disease/area: Infectious Disease & Immunology

<b>Background/Objectives</b>: Vitamin C is a well-known antioxidant with antiviral, anticancer, and anti-inflammatory properties. However, its therapeutic applications are limited by rapid oxidation due to heat and light sensitivity. Aptamin C, which employs aptamers to bind vitamin C, has demonstrated enhanced stability and efficacy. This study investigates the potential of Ap

Google Scholar | PubMed | PMC | DOI

Single-cycle parainfluenza virus type 5 vectors for producing recombinant proteins, including a humanized anti-V5 tag antibody.

Cell type: T cell | Technique: Fluorescence imaging | Disease/area: Infectious Disease & Immunology

Parainfluenza virus type 5 (PIV5) can cause either persistent or acute/lytic infections in a wide range of mammalian tissue culture cells. Here, we have generated PIV5 fusion (F)-expressing helper cell lines that support the replication of F-deleted viruses. As proof of the principle that F-deleted single-cycle infectious viruses can be used as safe and efficient expression vec

Google Scholar | PubMed | PMC | DOI

Investigating the reassortment potential and pathogenicity of the S segment in Akabane virus using a reverse genetics system.

Cell type: Cell culture models | Technique: Fluorescence imaging | Disease/area: Infectious Disease & Immunology

Akabane virus (AKAV) is an arthropod-borne virus that causes congenital malformations and neuropathology in cattle and sheep. In South Korea, AKAVs are classified into two main genogroups: K0505 and AKAV-7 strains. The K0505 strain infects pregnant cattle, leading to fetal abnormalities, while the AKAV-7 strain induces encephalomyelitis in post-natal cattle. The pathogenicities

Google Scholar | PubMed | PMC | DOI

Reduction of elevated Gli3 does not alter the progression of autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease.

Cell type: Biological samples | Technique: Fluorescence imaging | Disease/area: Infectious Disease & Immunology

Polycystic kidney diseases (PKD) are genetic disorders which disrupt kidney architecture and function. Autosomal recessive PKD (ARPKD) is a rare form of PKD, caused by mutations in PKHD1, and clinically more severe than the more common autosomal dominant PKD (ADPKD). Prior studies have implicated Hedgehog (Hh) signaling in ADPKD, with increased levels of Hh components in experi

Google Scholar | PubMed | PMC | DOI

Characterization of Human Senescent Cell Biomarkers for Clinical Trials.

Cell type: T cell | Technique: Fluorescence imaging | Disease/area: Infectious Disease & Immunology

There is an increasing need for biomarkers of senescent cell burden to facilitate the selection of participants for clinical trials. p16

Google Scholar | PubMed | PMC | DOI

<i>Anaplasma phagocytophilum</i> AFAP targets the host nucleolus and inhibits induced apoptosis.

Cell type: T cell | Technique: Fluorescence imaging | Disease/area: Infectious Disease & Immunology

<i>Anaplasma phagocytophilum</i>, the etiologic agent of human granulocytic anaplasmosis (HGA), is an obligate intracellular Gram-negative bacterium. During infection, <i>A. phagocytophilum</i> transfers its type IV secretion system (T4SS) effector proteins into host cells to manipulate cellular processes. AFAP (an actin filament-associated <i>Anaplasma phagocytophilum</i> prot

Google Scholar | PubMed | PMC | DOI

A novel transgenic reporter of extracellular acidification in zebrafish elucidates skeletal muscle T-tubule pH regulation.

Cell type: T cell | Technique: Fluorescence imaging | Disease/area: Infectious Disease & Immunology

Disruption of extracellular pH and proton-sensing can profoundly impact cellular and protein functions, leading to developmental defects. To visualize changes in extracellular pH in the developing embryo, we generated a zebrafish transgenic line that ubiquitously expresses the ratiometric pH-sensitive fluorescent protein pHluorin2, tethered to the extracellular face of the plas

Google Scholar | PubMed | PMC | DOI

ISG15-Dependent Stabilisation of USP18 Is Necessary but Not Sufficient to Regulate Type I Interferon Signalling in Humans.

Cell type: T cell | Technique: Fluorescence imaging | Disease/area: Infectious Disease & Immunology

Type I interferon (IFN) signalling induces the expression of several hundred IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs) that provide an unfavourable environment for viral replication. To prevent an overexuberant response and autoinflammatory disease, IFN signalling requires tight control. One critical regulator is the ubiquitin-like protein IFN-stimulated gene 15 (ISG15), evidenced by autoinf

Google Scholar | PubMed | PMC | DOI

Inhibition of early EHDV2-Ibaraki infection steps in bovine cells by endosome alkalinization or ikarugamycin, but not by blockage of individual endocytic pathways.

Cell type: Cell culture models | Technique: Fluorescence imaging | Disease/area: Infectious Disease & Immunology

The Epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus (EHDV), an orbivirus, is the etiological factor of a fatal hemorrhagic disease of wild ruminants. A subset of EHDV serotypes, including the Ibaraki strain of EHDV2 (EHDV2-Ibaraki), infect and cause disease in cattle, thus posing a potential threat to livestock. As a member of the Sedoreoviridae family, the EHDV particle is devoid of a mem

Google Scholar | PubMed | PMC | DOI

Adipocyte-specific Steap4 deficiency reduced thermogenesis and energy expenditure in mice.

Cell type: Biological samples | Technique: Fluorescence imaging | Disease/area: Infectious Disease & Immunology

Six-transmembrane protein of prostate 4 (Steap4), highly expressed in adipose tissue, is associated with metabolic homeostasis. Dysregulated adipose and mitochondrial metabolism contributes to obesity, highlighting the need to understand their interplay. Whether and how Steap4 influences mitochondrial function, adipocytes, and energy expenditure remain unclear. Adipocyte-specif

Google Scholar | PubMed | PMC | DOI

SFTSV NSs interacts with AGO2 to regulate the RNAi pathway for viral replication.

Cell type: Biological samples | Technique: Fluorescence imaging | Disease/area: Infectious Disease & Immunology

RNA interference (RNAi) is a posttranscriptional gene silencing mechanism acting as an antiviral defense in eukaryotes. During viral replication, intermediate double-stranded RNAs are processed into virus-derived small interfering RNAs (vsiRNAs) by the host enzyme, DICER. These vsiRNAs are incorporated into the RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC), where AGO2 cleaves viral geno

Google Scholar | PubMed | PMC | DOI

Selenium Broussonetia papyrifera polysaccharide alleviated cyclophosphamide-induced immune suppression, growth inhibition, intestinal damage, and gut microbiota disorder in yellow-feather broilers.

Cell type: Bacteria | Technique: Fluorescence imaging | Disease/area: Infectious Disease & Immunology

This study aims to investigate the effects of selenium Broussonetia papyrifera polysaccharide (Se-BPP) on growth performance, immune regulation, intestinal barrier function, and gut microbiota in cyclophosphamide (CTX)-induced immunosuppressed chicks. A total of 120 one-day-old male yellow-feathered broilers were randomly divided into five groups: normal control group (NC), mod

Google Scholar | PubMed | PMC | DOI

LncRNA HOTAIR promotes aerobic glycolysis by recruiting Lin28 to induce inflammation and apoptosis in acute lung injury.

Cell type: Epithelial | Technique: Fluorescence imaging | Disease/area: Infectious Disease & Immunology

Acute lung injury (ALI) is a life-threatening condition with high rates of morbidity and mortality. Recently, there has been growing evidence suggesting a link between lncRNA HOTAIR and ALI. Nonetheless, the precise role and mechanism of lncRNA HOTAIR in ALI remain to be fully elucidated. siHOTAIR transfection, qPCR detection (HOTAIR), ELISA (TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β), Lactate de

Google Scholar | PubMed | PMC | DOI

CD3+ T-cell: CD14+ monocyte complexes are dynamic and increased with HIV and glucose intolerance.

Cell type: T cell | Technique: Fluorescence imaging | Disease/area: Infectious Disease & Immunology

Persistent systemic inflammation is associated with an elevated risk of cardiometabolic diseases. However, the characteristics of the innate and adaptive immune systems in individuals who develop these conditions remain poorly defined. Doublets, or cell-cell complexes, are routinely eliminated from flow cytometric and other immune phenotyping analyses, which limits our understa

Google Scholar | PubMed | PMC | DOI

Improved Adhesion and Biocompatibility of Chitosan-Coated Super-Hydrophilic PVC Polymer Substrates for Urothelial Catheters.

Cell type: Cell culture models | Technique: Fluorescence imaging | Disease/area: Infectious Disease & Immunology

Chitosan is a water-soluble polysaccharide with good adherence to negatively charged surfaces and reported antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties. Coating the surfaces of medical devices with chitosan is a promising strategy for harnessing these benefits. However, the surface properties of commercial polymers need to be altered to enable the bonding of thin chitosan fil

Google Scholar | PubMed | PMC | DOI

MITD1 is a brain-specific interferon-inducible factor that inhibits flavivirus replication.

Cell type: Cell culture models | Technique: Fluorescence imaging | Disease/area: Infectious Disease & Immunology

West Nile virus (WNV) and Usutu virus (USUV) are closely related mosquito-borne neurotropic flaviviruses that share common transmission cycle and can infect humans. However, while human infections by WNV are widespread, infections by USUV are comparatively less frequent, less severe, and currently limited to Africa and Europe. To identify human host factors that contribute to t

Google Scholar | PubMed | PMC | DOI

Detection of antibodies against influenza A viruses in cattle.

Cell type: Biological samples | Technique: Fluorescence imaging | Disease/area: Infectious Disease & Immunology

Unexpected outbreaks caused by the H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) in dairy cows in the United States (US) have raised significant veterinary and public health concerns. When and how the H5N1 HPAIV was introduced into dairy cows and the broader epidemiology of influenza A virus (IAV) infections in cattle in the US remain unclear. Herein, we performed a retr

Google Scholar | PubMed | PMC | DOI

Impact of Oxalic Acid Consumption and pH on the In Vitro Biological Control of Oxalogenic Phytopathogen

Cell type: Biological samples | Technique: Fluorescence imaging | Disease/area: Infectious Disease & Immunology

The phytopathogenic fungus

Google Scholar | PubMed | PMC | DOI

Microvesicles Derived from Human Bronchial Epithelial Cells Regulate Macrophage Activation During

Cell type: Macrophage | Technique: Fluorescence imaging | Disease/area: Infectious Disease & Immunology

Intercellular communication is important for host immunity in response to bacterial infections. Nontuberculous mycobacterium (NTM), such as

Google Scholar | PubMed | PMC | DOI

A secreted helminth microRNA suppresses gastrointestinal cell differentiation required for innate immunity.

Cell type: Epithelial | Technique: Fluorescence imaging | Disease/area: Infectious Disease & Immunology

Pathogens have developed multiple strategies to modulate host immune defense mechanisms. Understanding how this is achieved has potential to inform novel therapeutics for diseases caused by immune dysfunction. Parasitic helminths are masters of immune evasion, via release of secreted products, resulting in chronic infection. Helminths secrete small regulatory microRNA (miRNAs),

Google Scholar | PubMed | PMC | DOI

Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework-90 Treats Fungal Keratitis by Promoting Macrophage Apoptosis and Targeting Increased Mitochondrial Reactive Oxygen Species in Aspergillus Fumigatus.

Cell type: Macrophage | Technique: Fluorescence imaging | Disease/area: Infectious Disease & Immunology

Fungal keratitis is a severe vision-threatening corneal infection with a prognosis influenced by fungal virulence and the host's immune defense mechanisms. However, there is still a lack of effective drugs that attenuate fungal virulence while relieving the inflammatory response caused by fungal keratitis. Finding an effective treatment to solve these problems is particularly i

Google Scholar | PubMed | PMC | DOI

Sustained tenascin-C expression drives neointimal hyperplasia and promotes aortocaval fistula failure.

Cell type: Biological samples | Technique: Fluorescence imaging | Disease/area: Infectious Disease & Immunology

End-stage kidney disease (ESKD) impacts over 740,000 individuals in the United States, with many patients relying on arteriovenous fistulae (AVF) for hemodialysis due to superior patency and reduced infections. However, AVF patency is reduced by thrombosis and neointimal hyperplasia, yielding a 1-yr patency of only 40%-50%. We hypothesized that tenascin-C (TNC), a regulator of

Google Scholar | PubMed | PMC | DOI

Wheat germ agglutinin-nanoparticles encapsulating itacitinib target and suppress pro-inflammatory slan+ monocytes.

Cell type: Cell culture models | Technique: Fluorescence imaging | Disease/area: Infectious Disease & Immunology

6-sulfoLacNAc (slan)+ monocytes, a non-classical monocyte subset, play a pro-inflammatory role in autoimmune diseases like systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). This study evaluates the therapeutic potential of itacitinib (ITA) encapsulated in wheat germ agglutinin-functionalized nanoparticles (WGA/F127/PNPs) to target and inhibit the JAK-STAT pathway in slan+ monocytes. We prepa

Google Scholar | PubMed | PMC | DOI

Amphiphilic mPEG-PLGA copolymer nanoparticles co-delivering colistin and niclosamide to treat colistin-resistant Gram-negative bacteria infections.

Cell type: Bacteria | Technique: Fluorescence imaging | Disease/area: Infectious Disease & Immunology

Colistin is the last line of defense against multidrug-resistant (MDR) Gram-negative bacterial infections, yet it is restricted due to high drug resistance and toxicity. The combination therapy of colistin and niclosamide exhibits excellent synergistic antibacterial activity against Gram-negative bacteria. How to co-deliver these two drugs with vastly different pharmacokinetic

Google Scholar | PubMed | PMC | DOI

TNF-α-Driven Changes in Polarized EGF Receptor Trafficking Facilitate Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase/Protein Kinase B Signaling From the Apical Surface of MDCK Epithelial Cells.

Cell type: Epithelial | Technique: Fluorescence imaging | Disease/area: Infectious Disease & Immunology

This manuscript describes a novel unconventional secretory pathway that facilitates EGF receptor (EGFR) signaling from apical membranes in polarized epithelial cells responding to immune cell mediators. Epithelial tissues provide a physical barrier between our bodies and the external environment and share an intimate relationship with circulating and local immune cells. Our stu

Google Scholar | PubMed | PMC | DOI

Protocol for detection of Oropouche viruses from human serum.

Cell type: Biological samples | Technique: Fluorescence imaging | Disease/area: Infectious Disease & Immunology

Oropouche virus (OROV), an arthropod-borne virus, has reemerged in the Americas. In 2023-2024, the largest quantitative reverse-transcription PCR (RT-qPCR)-confirmed outbreak of OROV was reported and was associated with severe clinical outcomes for the first time. Moreover, a dramatic increase in cases is unfolding in early 2025. Here, we provide a protocol for detecting OROV f

Google Scholar | PubMed | PMC | DOI

Harnessing endogenous anti-glycan antibodies using a novel, bifunctional immunotherapy to treat gram-negative bacterial infections.

Cell type: Bacteria | Technique: Fluorescence imaging | Disease/area: Infectious Disease & Immunology

The current array of traditional antibacterial agents targeting Gram-negative infections are failing to meet the clinical need. Here we present a novel, bifunctional immunotherapy (CTX-09) with the ability to harness endogenous anti-galactose-alpha-1,3-galactosyl-beta-1,4-N-acetyl-glucosamine (anti-αGal) antibodies to drive immune-mediated clearance of Gram-negative bacteria. I

Google Scholar | PubMed | PMC | DOI

IL-19 Is a Novel Lymphangiocrine Factor Inducing Lymphangiogenesis and Lymphatic Junctional Regulation.

Cell type: Endothelial | Technique: Fluorescence imaging | Disease/area: Infectious Disease & Immunology

The lymphatic system functions by removing fluid, macromolecules, and immune cells to maintain tissue homeostasis. The structural organization of junctional protein complexes is vital to lymphatic function where initial lymphatics have permeable button junctions and collecting lymphatics have relatively impermeable zipper junctions. During inflammation, this junctional morpholo

Google Scholar | PubMed | PMC | DOI